{"id":2302,"date":"2026-10-22T12:33:44","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T16:33:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/?p=2302"},"modified":"2026-10-22T12:33:44","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T16:33:44","slug":"devitre-mccombs-bring-reactor-assessing-laser-online","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/devitre-mccombs-bring-reactor-assessing-laser-online\/","title":{"rendered":"Devitre, McCombs Bring Reactor-Assessing Laser Online"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"lead\">Many Hands Make Light Work<\/p>\n<p>Inside nuclear reactors is an environment of extremes, from corrosive coolants to the bombardment from high-energy neutrons and temperatures usually only seen on the surface of stars. Reactor materials are carefully built to withstand those incredible stresses for decades on end. But how can you make sure that they do?<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe central problem of radiation material science is that you have processes that start at the atomic scale and last picoseconds (trillionths of a second) that have consequences over meters of materials and timescales of 30 years,\u201d said <a href=\"https:\/\/utorii.com\/alexis-devitre\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Alexis Devitre<\/a>, a research assistant professor in the University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge Innovation Institute\u2019s (UT-ORII) Fusion Technology and Materials for Extreme Environments Convergent Research Initiative. \u201cWe want to be able to continuously test a piece of material evolving in a reactor environment.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Devitre has been working to integrate transient grating spectroscopy (TGS) into UT\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/ibml.utk.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tennessee Ion Beam Materials Laboratory<\/a> (TIBML). TGS is an automated laser evaluation technique that could one day be used to check on the integrity of materials inside a reactor in situ (while the reactor is running).<\/p>\n<p>The TGS effort includes other researchers from multiple disciplines at both UT and ORNL, including TIBML Director and Department of Nuclear Engineering Associate Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/ne.utk.edu\/people\/khalid-hattar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Khalid Hattar<\/a>, Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/faculty\/philip-rack\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philip Rack<\/a>, and graduate and undergraduate students.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-2306\" src=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-setup.jpg\" alt=\"people setting up a laser in a lab\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-setup.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-setup-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-setup-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-setup-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Once completed, the TGS will improve UT\u2019s material characterization capabilities and integrate with ATHENA, the university\u2019s federally funded research hub devoted to automating material characterization.<\/p>\n<p>After that, the team hopes to standardize and improve the TGS into an everyday diagnostic test capable of evaluating nuclear facility integrity at any time, anywhere in the world.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<em>In situ<\/em> techniques are a big deal\u2014you don&#8217;t have to power down your reactor or pull any parts to check (on the materials),\u201d said Ewan McCombs, an MSE junior who has had a significant role in getting UT\u2019s TGS up and running. \u201c(It is also) very useful from a safety standpoint, because you don&#8217;t have to have any people exposed to radiation to go in and retrieve pieces.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"orange-mark\">Building a Laser Ripple Machine<\/h2>\n<p>Originally developed for fundamental physics research, TGS fires brief laser pulses onto a material surface, creating a periodic heating pattern that generates a ripple on the material\u2019s surface as small as 100 microns (100 millionths of a meter) in diameter.<\/p>\n<p>A separate probe laser measures the ripple\u2019s decay, letting scientists evaluate the material\u2019s thermoelastic performance and offering insights on which stressors are causing damage.<\/p>\n<p>In the 2010s, Hattar and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/nse.mit.edu\/people\/michael-short\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Michael Short<\/a>\u2014one of Devitre\u2019s PhD advisors\u2014constructed the world\u2019s first beamline-coupled TGS at Sandia National Laboratories in New Mexico.<\/p>\n<div class=\"half \">\n<p>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-2305\" src=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/setting-up-the-laser-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"testing the laser\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/setting-up-the-laser-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/setting-up-the-laser-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/setting-up-the-laser-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/setting-up-the-laser.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n<div class=\"half \">\n<p>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-2304\" src=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/part-of-laser-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"laser in a lab\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/part-of-laser-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/part-of-laser-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/part-of-laser-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/part-of-laser.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n<br class=\"clearshortcode\"><\/p>\n<p>Fifteen years later, a few beamline TGSs are scattered around the world\u2014but each system still has to be made from scratch, using dozens of optical components aligned so precisely that six lasers hit the same 100-micron spot.<\/p>\n<p>McCombs and Devitre\u2019s first six months on the project involved a lot of phone calls with other TGS builders around the world, relying on both their advice and moral support. McCombs was happy to return the favor by sharing perspective and insights from his MSE coursework.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s so much merit to interdisciplinary work,\u201d he said. \u201cI have a different education than a lot of the physics or nuclear (engineering) people that I work with, so we\u2019re learning from each other. I think (it) is beneficial for undergraduates to feel like they can contribute to the conversation.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"orange-mark\">Expanding TGS Capabilities<\/h2>\n<p>The team\u2019s hard work paid off in the summer of 2026, when McCombs achieved UT\u2019s first ever TGS readings.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe already have a lot of people knocking on the door, like, \u2018Can we do a quick measurement? Can we try it on our material?\u2019\u201d Devitre said.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-2303\" src=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-working.jpg\" alt=\"laser creating light\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-working.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-working-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-working-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tickle.utk.edu\/mse\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/laser-working-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>However, the system is still a few steps away from beamline integration. McCombs\u2019 next goal is to evaluate how TGS readings vary depending on the local structure within the 100-micron spot where readings are taken.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen evaluating reactor components in service, it is important to understand how different factors like surface quality or grain boundaries affect the measured signals and when a given data set can be representative of the overall material,\u201d he explained. \u201cI\u2019m very excited for doing collaborative work with other people\u2019s samples and getting other people interested in this technique because it shows a lot of promise.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Devitre is immensely proud of McCombs and all the other students and researchers who have contributed to the TGS system.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere have been many people involved in this effort, and hopefully (there will be) many more,\u201d Devitre said. \u201cWhat we\u2019ve built at this point is not new, but there\u2019s so much more we can do with it.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"orange-mark\">Contact<\/h2>\n<p>Izzie Gall (<a href=\"mailto:egall4@utk.edu\">egall4@utk.edu<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alexis Devitre\u2019s interdisciplinary team is building a laser-based device that will one day assesses material integrity inside running nuclear reactors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":2307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,12],"tags":[552,550,551],"class_list":["post-2302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","category-students","tag-alexis-devitre","tag-ewan-mccombs","tag-tibml"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Devitre, McCombs Bring Reactor-Assessing Laser OnlineDevitre, McCombs Bring 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